Historical theories are frameworks that historians use to interpret and understand past events. These theories help explain why certain events occurred and how they influenced societies over time. Examples include Marxism, which focuses on class struggles, and Postcolonialism, which examines the impacts of colonialism on cultures and identities. Different historical theories can lead to varying interpretations of the same events. For instance, the Great Man Theory emphasizes the role of influential individuals in shaping history, while Social History highlights the experiences of ordinary people. By applying these theories, historians can gain deeper insights into the complexities of human history.