Historical printing refers to the methods and technologies used to reproduce text and images before the digital age. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionized the way information was disseminated, making books more accessible and affordable. This innovation played a crucial role in the spread of knowledge during the Renaissance and contributed to significant cultural and social changes. Before the printing press, texts were copied by hand, a labor-intensive process that limited the availability of written works. Techniques such as woodblock printing and movable type emerged in various cultures, including China and Europe, allowing for greater efficiency in producing printed materials. These advancements laid the foundation for modern printing technologies.