Historical pianos refer to the various types of pianos that were developed and used from the 18th century to the early 20th century. These instruments include the fortepiano, which was popular in the Classical period, and the grand piano, which became prominent in the Romantic era. Each type of piano has unique features, such as string materials and action mechanisms, that reflect the musical styles and technological advancements of their time. Many historical pianos are now considered valuable artifacts, showcasing the craftsmanship of makers like Steinway and Bösendorfer. They provide insight into the evolution of piano music and performance practices. Musicians and historians study these instruments to better understand the music of composers like Beethoven and Chopin, who wrote extensively for the piano.