Histological staining is a technique used in microscopy to enhance the visibility of tissues and cells. By applying specific dyes to tissue samples, scientists can highlight different structures, making it easier to study their morphology and function. This process is essential in fields like pathology and biomedical research. Different stains target various components of cells, such as nuclei, cytoplasm, and extracellular matrix. Common stains include Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), which provides contrast between cellular structures, and immunohistochemistry, which uses antibodies to detect specific proteins. These techniques are crucial for diagnosing diseases and understanding biological processes.