Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects the hip joint, causing pain and stiffness. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the bones in the hip wears down over time, leading to inflammation and discomfort. Common symptoms include difficulty walking, reduced range of motion, and pain during activities. Risk factors for developing hip osteoarthritis include age, obesity, previous joint injuries, and genetics. Treatment options often involve lifestyle changes, physical therapy, medications, and in severe cases, surgical interventions such as hip replacement to improve mobility and reduce pain.