The Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory proposed by Abraham Maslow in 1943. It suggests that human needs are arranged in a five-level pyramid, starting from basic physiological needs like food and water, to higher-level needs such as safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Individuals must satisfy lower-level needs before they can focus on higher-level ones. This model emphasizes that as people fulfill their basic needs, they become motivated to pursue more complex needs. For example, once someone has stable housing and food, they may seek social connections and personal growth, ultimately striving for self-fulfillment and realizing their potential.