Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory is a psychological theory that explains job satisfaction and motivation in the workplace. It divides factors influencing employee attitudes into two categories: hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiene factors, such as salary, work conditions, and company policies, can lead to dissatisfaction if inadequate but do not necessarily motivate employees when improved. Motivators, on the other hand, include elements like recognition, achievement, and opportunities for growth. These factors can enhance job satisfaction and encourage employees to perform better. According to Herzberg, addressing both categories is essential for fostering a motivated and productive workforce.