The Herschel Observatory was a space telescope launched by the European Space Agency in 2009. It was designed to observe the universe in far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths, allowing scientists to study cold and distant objects like star-forming regions, galaxies, and cosmic dust. The observatory operated until 2013, providing valuable data that enhanced our understanding of the cosmos. Named after the astronomer William Herschel, who discovered infrared radiation, the observatory was equipped with a large mirror measuring 3.5 meters in diameter. Its unique capabilities helped astronomers explore the formation of stars and planets, as well as the evolution of galaxies over time.