The Herero and Namaqua Genocide refers to the mass killing of the Herero and Nama peoples by German colonial forces in present-day Namibia between 1904 and 1908. This genocide was driven by the desire to control land and resources, leading to the forced displacement and extermination of these indigenous groups. The conflict began when the Herero people resisted German colonial rule, resulting in brutal military campaigns. Many were sent to concentration camps, where thousands died from starvation and disease. The genocide is recognized as one of the first of the 20th century and has significant historical implications for discussions on colonialism and human rights.