Henry III of France was born on September 19, 1551, and became king in 1574. He was the last monarch of the Valois dynasty and ruled during a tumultuous period marked by the French Wars of Religion. His reign was characterized by political instability and conflict between Catholics and Huguenots. Henry III was known for his attempts to unify France and strengthen the monarchy. However, his efforts were often undermined by rival factions. He was assassinated on August 2, 1589, leading to the end of the Valois line and the rise of the Bourbon dynasty with Henry IV ascending the throne.