Henry Fitzwilliam, 6th Earl of Southampton (1609–1685) was an English nobleman known for his role during the English Civil War. He was a supporter of the Parliamentarians and held significant military positions, including serving as a commander in various battles. His loyalty to the Parliament led to his involvement in political matters during a tumultuous period in English history. Born into a prominent family, he inherited the title from his father, Henry Fitzwilliam, 5th Earl of Southampton. The 6th Earl was also known for his patronage of the arts and his connections to notable figures of the time, including William Shakespeare, who dedicated works to his family.