Hemothorax is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, the space between the lungs and the chest wall. This condition often results from trauma, such as a rib fracture or a penetrating injury, but can also occur due to medical conditions like tumors or blood vessel rupture. Symptoms may include chest pain, difficulty breathing, and a rapid heart rate. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like chest X-rays or CT scans to confirm the presence of blood. Treatment often requires draining the blood through a procedure called thoracentesis or, in severe cases, surgery. Prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent complications.