Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are a group of proteins that help protect cells from stress, such as high temperatures or toxic substances. They act as molecular chaperones, assisting in the proper folding of proteins and preventing misfolding or aggregation, which can lead to cell damage. HSPs are produced in response to various stressors and play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health. These proteins are found in all living organisms, from bacteria to humans. In addition to their protective functions, HSPs are involved in processes like immune response and cellular repair. Their study is important in fields like medicine and biotechnology, as they may offer insights into diseases and potential therapeutic targets.