Chaperonins are a type of protein that assist in the proper folding of other proteins within cells. They provide a protective environment, ensuring that newly synthesized proteins achieve their correct three-dimensional structure, which is crucial for their function. Without chaperonins, proteins may misfold, leading to cellular dysfunction and diseases. These molecular machines typically consist of two stacked rings, forming a chamber where the target protein can fold away from the crowded cellular environment. Heat shock proteins are a well-known family of chaperonins, playing a vital role in cellular stress responses and maintaining protein homeostasis.