Heart valve replacement is a surgical procedure that involves removing a damaged or diseased heart valve and replacing it with a new one. This can be done using either a mechanical valve, made from durable materials, or a biological valve, made from animal tissue. The surgery aims to restore normal blood flow through the heart, improving overall heart function and reducing symptoms like shortness of breath and fatigue. The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and may require a hospital stay of several days. Recovery can take several weeks, during which patients are monitored for any complications. Regular follow-up appointments are essential to ensure the new valve is functioning properly and to manage any necessary medications, such as blood thinners.