Health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection and analysis of health-related data to monitor the health status of a population. It helps identify trends, outbreaks, and risk factors associated with diseases, enabling public health officials to make informed decisions and implement effective interventions. This process often involves tracking various indicators, such as disease incidence, mortality rates, and vaccination coverage. By utilizing data from sources like hospitals, laboratories, and surveys, health surveillance plays a crucial role in protecting community health and improving overall well-being.