Disease monitoring is the process of tracking the spread and impact of diseases within a population. It involves collecting data on infection rates, symptoms, and outcomes to understand how diseases behave over time. This information helps public health officials make informed decisions about prevention and control measures. Effective disease monitoring often utilizes tools like surveillance systems and epidemiological studies. These methods allow for the identification of outbreaks and trends, enabling timely responses to protect public health. By analyzing data, health authorities can allocate resources efficiently and implement strategies to reduce the spread of diseases.