A Hazard and Operability Study, often abbreviated as HAZOP, is a structured and systematic approach used to identify potential hazards and operational issues in industrial processes. It involves a team of experts who analyze the design and operation of a system to pinpoint risks that could lead to accidents or inefficiencies. The study typically focuses on deviations from the intended operation and assesses their potential consequences. During a HAZOP session, the team uses specific guide words, such as "more," "less," or "none," to explore how variations in process parameters could impact safety and performance. This collaborative effort helps organizations implement effective risk management strategies, ensuring safer and more reliable operations in facilities like chemical plants and manufacturing sites.