The Haversine Formula is a mathematical equation used to calculate the distance between two points on the surface of a sphere, such as the Earth. It takes into account the curvature of the Earth, making it more accurate for long distances compared to simple flat-surface calculations. The formula uses the latitude and longitude of both points to determine the shortest path over the Earth's surface. This formula is particularly useful in fields like navigation, geography, and geolocation services. By providing a reliable way to measure distances, it helps in applications ranging from mapping software to flight planning and even fitness tracking.