The Harris matrix is a tool used in archaeology to visually represent the chronological sequence of archaeological layers and features at a site. It helps archaeologists understand the relationships between different strata, indicating which layers are older or younger based on their position. This matrix is essential for interpreting the sequence of human activity and natural processes over time. Developed by archaeologist Edward Harris in the 1970s, the Harris matrix provides a clear framework for documenting stratigraphy. It allows researchers to organize complex data and communicate findings effectively, ensuring that the context of artifacts and features is preserved and understood in relation to one another.