The HapMap Project is a research initiative aimed at identifying and cataloging genetic variations in human populations. Launched in 2002, it focuses on understanding how these variations influence health, disease, and responses to medications. By studying the genetic differences among diverse groups, researchers can better understand the genetic basis of complex diseases. The project involves collecting DNA samples from individuals across various populations, including African, European, and Asian groups. The data generated helps scientists create a comprehensive map of human genetic diversity, which is essential for advancing personalized medicine and improving disease prevention strategies.