The Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis is a chemical reaction that produces pyrrole derivatives from aldehydes, β-keto esters, and ammonia or primary amines. This method involves a multi-component reaction where the reactants undergo condensation and cyclization, resulting in the formation of a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring known as pyrrole. This synthesis is valued for its simplicity and efficiency, allowing for the creation of various substituted pyrroles. Pyrroles are important in organic chemistry due to their presence in many natural products and pharmaceuticals, making the Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis a useful tool in synthetic organic chemistry.