A hand plane is a woodworking tool used to shape and smooth wood surfaces. It consists of a flat base, a blade, and a handle. By pushing the plane along the wood, the blade shaves off thin layers, creating a flat and even surface. Hand planes come in various types, each designed for specific tasks, such as smoothing, jointing, or trimming. Common types of hand planes include the jack plane, block plane, and jointers. These tools are essential for fine woodworking and are often preferred by craftsmen for their precision and control. Proper technique and maintenance are crucial for achieving the best results with hand planes.