The Guyana Shield is a geological formation located in northeastern South America, primarily covering parts of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana. It is characterized by ancient crystalline rocks, which are some of the oldest on Earth, dating back over 2 billion years. The shield is rich in minerals and natural resources, making it significant for mining activities. This region is also known for its diverse ecosystems, including tropical rainforests and unique wildlife. The Guyana Shield plays a crucial role in the hydrology of the area, as it is the source of many rivers, including the Essequibo River, which is the largest river in Guyana.