A graft copolymer is a type of polymer that consists of a main chain, known as the backbone, with one or more side chains, or "grafts," attached to it. These side chains can be made from different types of monomers, allowing for a variety of properties and functionalities. Graft copolymers are often used to improve the compatibility of different materials, such as in blends of plastics. These materials are important in various applications, including coatings, adhesives, and biomedical devices. By modifying the structure of the graft copolymer, scientists can tailor its characteristics, such as flexibility, strength, and resistance to chemicals. This versatility makes graft copolymers valuable in industries like automotive, packaging, and medicine.