Gouraud Shading is a computer graphics technique used to simulate the way light interacts with surfaces. It calculates the color at the vertices of a polygon and then interpolates these colors across the surface. This creates a smooth transition of colors, giving the appearance of shading without the need for complex calculations for every pixel. This method is particularly useful for rendering 3D objects in real-time applications, such as video games. While Gouraud Shading is efficient, it may not accurately represent highlights or shadows, especially on curved surfaces, leading to a less detailed appearance compared to more advanced techniques like Phong Shading.