Gonadotropins are hormones produced by the pituitary gland that play a crucial role in regulating reproductive functions. The two main types are luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones stimulate the production of sex hormones and the development of eggs in females and sperm in males. In women, gonadotropins help control the menstrual cycle and ovulation, while in men, they are essential for sperm production. Gonadotropins are often used in fertility treatments to enhance reproductive capabilities, making them important in assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF).