"Goldilocks" is a popular fairy tale about a young girl who enters the home of three bears while they are away. She finds three bowls of porridge, chairs, and beds, each belonging to the Papa Bear, Mama Bear, and Baby Bear. Goldilocks tries each item, finding the first too hot, the second too cold, and the third just right. The story illustrates the concept of finding a balance, often referred to as the "Goldilocks principle." This principle can apply to various fields, such as science and economics, where conditions must be "just right" for optimal outcomes.