Glycerol, also known as glycerin, is a colorless, odorless, and sweet-tasting liquid that is widely used in various industries. It is a simple polyol compound, meaning it contains multiple hydroxyl (–OH) groups, which makes it hygroscopic, allowing it to attract and retain moisture. Glycerol is commonly found in food products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals due to its ability to act as a humectant, solvent, and sweetener. In addition to its uses in consumer products, glycerol is a byproduct of the biodiesel production process, where it is generated during the transesterification of fats and oils. It can also be used in the production of triacylglycerols, which are important for energy storage