Global change refers to significant alterations in the Earth's systems, including climate, ecosystems, and human societies. These changes can result from natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions or solar radiation variations, as well as human activities like deforestation, industrialization, and the burning of fossil fuels. One of the most pressing aspects of global change is climate change, which leads to rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events. This phenomenon affects biodiversity, food security, and water resources, posing challenges for both the environment and human populations worldwide.