The Giyanti Agreement was a treaty signed in 1755 between the Dutch East India Company and the Javanese kingdoms of Mataram. This agreement aimed to resolve conflicts over territory and power in Java, leading to a division of the Mataram kingdom into two parts: Surakarta and Yogyakarta. The agreement marked a significant shift in control, allowing the Dutch to strengthen their influence in the region while granting some autonomy to the Javanese rulers. It also set the stage for further Dutch colonial expansion in Indonesia, impacting the political landscape for years to come.