Giovanni Borelli (1608-1679) was an Italian scientist and physician known for his contributions to the fields of physics and biology. He is often regarded as one of the founders of biomechanics, studying the movement of animals and humans. His work laid the groundwork for understanding how muscles and bones function together. Borelli's most notable publication, *De Motu Animalium*, detailed the mechanics of animal movement and introduced concepts that are still relevant in modern science. He also made significant advancements in the study of muscle action and levers, influencing later thinkers like Isaac Newton and Leonardo da Vinci.