The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic was a republic within the Soviet Union from 1921 until 1990. It was established after the Red Army invaded the region, leading to the incorporation of Georgia into the Soviet state. The capital was Tbilisi, and the republic was known for its diverse culture, rich history, and significant contributions to Soviet arts and sciences. During its time as a Soviet republic, Georgia experienced industrialization and collectivization, which transformed its economy. The region was also notable for its unique language and traditions, with the Georgian language being one of the oldest in the world. In 1991, Georgia declared independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.