Geographical influences refer to how the physical features of a location, such as mountains, rivers, and climate, affect human activities and cultures. For example, the presence of the Himalayas can impact weather patterns and agriculture in nearby regions, while rivers often serve as vital transportation routes and sources of water. Additionally, geographical influences shape economic development and settlement patterns. Areas with rich natural resources, like oil in the Middle East, tend to attract investment and population growth. Conversely, harsh environments, such as deserts, may limit human habitation and economic opportunities.