Genital surgery refers to surgical procedures that alter or reconstruct the genital organs. This can include surgeries for medical reasons, such as correcting congenital abnormalities, or for gender-affirming purposes, where individuals seek to align their physical bodies with their gender identity. These surgeries can involve various techniques, depending on the specific needs of the patient. For example, procedures may include vaginoplasty for those transitioning from male to female, or phalloplasty for those transitioning from female to male. Each surgery is tailored to the individual's goals and health considerations.