Genetics in medicine focuses on how genes influence health and disease. It involves studying the role of DNA, genes, and chromosomes in conditions like cancer, diabetes, and genetic disorders. By understanding these genetic factors, healthcare professionals can develop targeted treatments and preventive strategies. Advancements in genetic testing allow for early diagnosis and personalized medicine. Techniques like gene therapy aim to correct genetic defects, while pharmacogenomics helps tailor medications based on an individual's genetic makeup. This approach enhances treatment effectiveness and minimizes side effects, leading to improved patient outcomes.