Genetic engineering is a scientific process that involves altering the DNA of an organism. This can be done by adding, removing, or changing specific genes to achieve desired traits. For example, scientists can create crops that are resistant to pests or have improved nutritional value. This technology has applications in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, and environmental science. In medicine, genetic engineering can be used to develop treatments for genetic disorders or to produce insulin. In agriculture, it helps create plants that can withstand harsh conditions, contributing to food security and sustainability.