The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) is a federal law enacted in 2008 that protects individuals from discrimination based on their genetic information. This law prohibits health insurance companies from denying coverage or charging higher premiums based on genetic predispositions to certain diseases. It also prevents employers from using genetic information in hiring, firing, or promotion decisions. GINA applies to health insurance providers and employers with 15 or more employees. It covers genetic tests, family medical history, and other genetic information. By safeguarding this sensitive information, GINA aims to encourage individuals to seek genetic testing without fear of discrimination.