The "Generation of '98" refers to a group of Spanish writers, poets, and intellectuals who emerged in the late 19th century, particularly around the time of the Spanish-American War in 1898. This generation is characterized by its critical response to Spain's political and social issues, as well as its desire for cultural renewal. Key figures include Miguel de Unamuno, Antonio Machado, and Pío Baroja. These writers sought to address the decline of Spain and its identity crisis following the loss of its colonies. They often explored themes of existentialism, modernism, and nationalism, contributing significantly to Spanish literature and thought. Their works laid the foundation for future literary movements in Spain.