Gene function refers to the specific roles that genes play in the development and functioning of an organism. Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins, which are essential for various biological processes. Each gene can influence traits, such as eye color or height, by directing the production of specific proteins that contribute to these characteristics. In addition to coding for proteins, genes can also regulate when and how much protein is produced. This regulation is crucial for maintaining cellular functions and responding to environmental changes. Understanding gene function helps scientists explore areas like genetics, molecular biology, and medicine, leading to advancements in treatments and therapies.