Gem cutting, also known as lapidary, is the art of shaping and polishing gemstones to enhance their beauty and value. This intricate process involves various techniques, including faceting, cabochon cutting, and carving, each designed to showcase the gem's natural properties and brilliance. Skilled gem cutters, or lapidaries, use specialized tools to create precise angles and surfaces that reflect light beautifully. The choice of cutting style can significantly affect a gem's appearance and market value. For instance, diamonds are often faceted to maximize their sparkle, while opal may be cut into cabochons to highlight its unique play of color. Understanding the characteristics of different gemstones is essential for achieving the best results in gem cutting.