Gaussian Filtering is a technique used in image processing to reduce noise and detail in images. It works by applying a mathematical function called the Gaussian function, which creates a bell-shaped curve. This curve helps to average the pixel values in a way that smooths out variations, making the image appear softer and less cluttered. The process involves convolving the image with a Gaussian kernel, which is a small matrix that represents the Gaussian function. The result is an image where sharp edges and fine details are diminished, making it easier to analyze or prepare for further processing tasks, such as edge detection.