Edge detection is a technique used in image processing to identify the boundaries or edges within an image. It helps to highlight significant transitions in pixel intensity, which often correspond to the outlines of objects. By detecting these edges, algorithms can simplify the analysis of images, making it easier to recognize shapes and patterns. Common methods for edge detection include the Sobel operator and the Canny edge detector. These algorithms apply mathematical filters to the image, enhancing areas where there is a rapid change in brightness. Edge detection is widely used in various applications, including computer vision, robotics, and medical imaging.