Mahatma Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, India, was a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement against British rule. He is best known for his philosophy of nonviolent resistance, which he called Satyagraha. This approach emphasized peaceful protests and civil disobedience as means to achieve social and political change. Gandhi's efforts played a crucial role in mobilizing millions of Indians to fight for their rights and freedom. He led various campaigns, including the Salt March in 1930, which protested against British salt taxes. His legacy continues to inspire movements for civil rights and freedom worldwide.