Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a crucial role in reducing neuronal excitability. It helps to inhibit nerve transmission, which can lead to a calming effect on the nervous system. This function is essential for maintaining balance in brain activity and can influence mood, anxiety, and sleep. GABA is synthesized from glutamate, another neurotransmitter, and is found throughout the central nervous system. It interacts with specific receptors, such as GABA-A and GABA-B, to exert its effects. Due to its calming properties, GABA is often studied for its potential benefits in treating anxiety disorders and promoting relaxation.