The Galileo Telescope is an early astronomical instrument invented by Galileo Galilei in 1609. It was one of the first telescopes to use a convex lens to magnify distant objects, allowing for significant advancements in the study of the night sky. Galileo's design enabled him to observe celestial bodies, including the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus. This telescope played a crucial role in the scientific revolution, challenging existing beliefs about the universe. Its observations provided evidence for the heliocentric model proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus, which stated that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun.