Galaxy evolution refers to the process by which galaxies change over time. This transformation can occur through various mechanisms, including the merging of smaller galaxies, the formation of new stars, and the influence of dark matter. Galaxies can evolve from simple structures to more complex forms, such as spiral or elliptical shapes. The study of galaxy evolution helps astronomers understand the history of the universe. By observing distant galaxies, scientists can gather information about their formation and development. Tools like the Hubble Space Telescope and James Webb Space Telescope provide valuable insights into the life cycles of galaxies and their interactions with one another.