The Gaia Theory proposes that the Earth and its biological systems behave as a single, self-regulating entity. This concept suggests that living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings to maintain conditions suitable for life, such as temperature and atmospheric composition. Developed by James Lovelock in the 1970s, the theory emphasizes the interconnectedness of life and the environment. It highlights how ecosystems can influence global processes, promoting stability and resilience. The idea encourages a holistic view of Earth, recognizing the importance of biodiversity and ecological balance in sustaining life.