Fundamentals are the basic principles or concepts that serve as the foundation for a subject or activity. For example, in mathematics, understanding addition and subtraction is essential before tackling more complex operations like multiplication and division. These core ideas help learners build their knowledge step by step. In sports, the fundamentals include skills like dribbling in basketball or passing in soccer. Mastering these basic techniques is crucial for success in the game. Without a strong grasp of the fundamentals, players may struggle to improve and perform effectively during competitions.