Fundamental sciences are the foundational disciplines that seek to understand the basic principles of the natural world. These include physics, chemistry, and biology, which explore the laws of matter, energy, and living organisms. By studying these areas, scientists can uncover the underlying mechanisms that govern everything from atomic interactions to ecological systems. These sciences provide essential knowledge that supports applied fields like engineering, medicine, and environmental science. Through research and experimentation, fundamental sciences contribute to technological advancements and improve our understanding of health, sustainability, and the universe itself.